https://sigmaprime.io/blog/ Technical writing on Ethereum security, consensus protocols, smart-contract vulnerabilities, ZK research, and what the Sigma Prime team is shipping. en-us Tue, 16 Jun 2026 16:56:52 GMT https://sigmaprime.io/blog/ai-as-a-force-multiplier-for-security-engineers/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/ai-as-a-force-multiplier-for-security-engineers/ Mon, 15 Jun 2026 14:00:00 GMT AI has not replaced auditors. It has made strong auditors faster and more powerful, while also amplifying attackers. security security ai blockchain https://sigmaprime.io/blog/go-for-security-auditors-part-1/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/go-for-security-auditors-part-1/ Tue, 09 Jun 2026 02:00:00 GMT The first in a three-part series on auditing Go code, covering deceptive syntax, common pitfalls like nil maps and slice aliasing, testing gotchas, and compiler pragmas that hide security-relevant behaviour. cybersecurity security go golang auditing https://sigmaprime.io/blog/soldogn-interop-glamsterdam-epbs/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/soldogn-interop-glamsterdam-epbs/ Fri, 08 May 2026 03:00:00 GMT A recap of Soldøgn Interop, covering Lighthouse's work on Glamsterdam and progress toward implementing Enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation. lighthouse lighthouse opinion informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/defensive-protocol-design/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/defensive-protocol-design/ Tue, 31 Mar 2026 13:00:00 GMT This article covers protective steps developers can take to prevent protocol exploits via defensive design. cybersecurity security blockchain-security solidity price-oracles oracles pricing protocol design bot https://sigmaprime.io/blog/first-zk-vulnerabilities/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/first-zk-vulnerabilities/ Tue, 17 Mar 2026 13:00:00 GMT An introduction to ZK circuit security, exploring fundamental mental models for creating and thinking about ZK circuits. Learn about under-constrained variable vulnerabilities that appear in ZK code through a practical Circom example. security security zero-knowledge tutorial informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/fusaka-contract-security/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/fusaka-contract-security/ Mon, 12 Jan 2026 13:00:00 GMT A summary of Ethereum's Fusaka upgrade and its implications on smart contract functionality. security security informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/the-ultimate-guide-to-the-top-for-security-researchers/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/the-ultimate-guide-to-the-top-for-security-researchers/ Wed, 17 Dec 2025 01:00:00 GMT A comprehensive four-part series guide for security researchers who want to rise faster, build reputation, and make lasting impact in the web3 security space, from foundations to mastery and consistent results. security security guide informative tutorial https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-trustless-payments/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-trustless-payments/ Tue, 09 Dec 2025 13:00:00 GMT The Lighthouse team's outlook on removal of Trustless Payments from Fulu lighthouse lighthouse announcement https://sigmaprime.io/blog/fullhouse/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/fullhouse/ Fri, 14 Nov 2025 13:00:00 GMT Exploring Lighthouse and Reth in one “Fullhouse” binary. lighthouse lighthouse reth https://sigmaprime.io/blog/glamsterdam-eip-preferences/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/glamsterdam-eip-preferences/ Wed, 12 Nov 2025 13:00:00 GMT Sigma Prime's opinion on scoping of EIPs in the Glamsterdam hard fork lighthouse lighthouse opinion https://sigmaprime.io/blog/sp1-zkvm-security-guide/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/sp1-zkvm-security-guide/ Wed, 24 Sep 2025 02:00:00 GMT Practical security checklist and auditing guide for engineers reviewing SP1/RISC-V guest programs (also useful for Risc0). Covers input validation, 32-bit pitfalls, third-party dependency compatibility, overflow protection and verification key handling. security security zero-knowledge guide https://sigmaprime.io/blog/mev-cross-chain-bridge-exploits/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/mev-cross-chain-bridge-exploits/ Tue, 26 Aug 2025 06:20:00 GMT An explanation of how MEV affects cross-chain bridge exploits and the incentives driving them. security security informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/pectra-contract-security/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/pectra-contract-security/ Thu, 21 Aug 2025 04:00:00 GMT A summary of Ethereum's Pectra upgrade and its implications on smart contract functionality. security security informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/glamsterdam-eip7732/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/glamsterdam-eip7732/ Wed, 23 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT The case against EIP-7732 for Glamsterdam lighthouse opinion lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/glamsterdam-headliner/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/glamsterdam-headliner/ Mon, 07 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT My thoughts on Glamsterdam's Headliner lighthouse opinion lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/shipping-peerdas/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/shipping-peerdas/ Thu, 26 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT Some thoughts on what it might take to ship PeerDAS this year and how we might align soon on scope and timelines. lighthouse lighthouse https://sigmaprime.io/blog/eigenlayer-sidecar-division-by-zero-fix/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/eigenlayer-sidecar-division-by-zero-fix/ Tue, 24 Jun 2025 02:00:00 GMT Analysis of a critical division-by-zero vulnerability in the EigenLayer sidecar rewards calculation process, its potential DoS impact, and the implemented fixes. security eigenlayer security dos blockchain ethereum https://sigmaprime.io/blog/core-node-security/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/core-node-security/ Fri, 06 Jun 2025 02:00:00 GMT A comprehensive methodology for conducting security reviews of blockchain infrastructure, using Reth as a practical example security security rust node https://sigmaprime.io/blog/anchor-0-1-0-release/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/anchor-0-1-0-release/ Wed, 04 Jun 2025 06:30:00 GMT Announcing the release of Anchor 0.1.0, our Rust-based distributed validator technology client for the SSV network. lighthouse anchor announcement lighthouse https://sigmaprime.io/blog/oracles-and-pricing/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/oracles-and-pricing/ Wed, 07 May 2025 05:09:00 GMT To achieve composability in DeFi, many projects require external sources of truth or price feeds. This article explores the common vulnerabilities in the use of pricing and oracles with real-world examples. cybersecurity security blockchain-security solidity price-oracles oracles pricefeed pricing https://sigmaprime.io/blog/siren-eip-7251/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/siren-eip-7251/ Mon, 05 May 2025 02:00:00 GMT Instructional for Siren users that want to consolidate their validators. siren lighthouse announcement siren https://sigmaprime.io/blog/transitioning-from-evm-to-svm-key-concepts-for-solana-security-assessment/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/transitioning-from-evm-to-svm-key-concepts-for-solana-security-assessment/ Tue, 22 Apr 2025 02:00:00 GMT Key concepts to understand the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM). security security solana accounts https://sigmaprime.io/blog/near-accounts-and-access-control/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/near-accounts-and-access-control/ Mon, 14 Apr 2025 06:00:00 GMT This article explores how NEAR's unique account system combines human-readable names with multi-tiered permissions, examining the security implications and providing practical guidance for implementing robust access control in smart contracts. cybersecurity security rust access-control near https://sigmaprime.io/blog/pectra-holesky-incident/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/pectra-holesky-incident/ Tue, 08 Apr 2025 06:30:00 GMT This article analyzes the Pectra upgrade on Holesky that resulted in long non-finality and adverse network conditions. We explore ways the Lighthouse team recovered from non-finality and how current and future optimizations will make the Lighthouse client more robust during periods of non-finality. analysis lighthouse informative holesky pectra non-finality https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-fulu/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-fulu/ Tue, 01 Apr 2025 13:00:00 GMT The Lighthouse team's outlook on Fulu EIP inclusion lighthouse lighthouse announcement https://sigmaprime.io/blog/eigenlayer-slashing-edge-case/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/eigenlayer-slashing-edge-case/ Mon, 31 Mar 2025 13:00:00 GMT Examining an interesting edge case discovered in EigenLayer's beacon chain slashing calculation that affects withdrawable share calculations. security security informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-ipv6/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-ipv6/ Mon, 24 Feb 2025 13:00:00 GMT for IPv6 Support in Ethereum lighthouse lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-nat/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-nat/ Mon, 10 Feb 2025 01:00:00 GMT A guide to understanding, configuring and debugging NAT configurations to maximize a Lighthouse client's performance. lighthouse lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/near-storage/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/near-storage/ Sun, 09 Feb 2025 21:58:00 GMT In this article, we dive into the storage system of the NEAR blockchain. We'll explore how storage works on NEAR, how to use it securely, and highlight some of the common pitfalls. security security informative near rust https://sigmaprime.io/blog/near-sharding-cross-contract-calls/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/near-sharding-cross-contract-calls/ Sun, 01 Dec 2024 04:30:00 GMT NEAR Protocol introduces Nightshade sharding to tackle blockchain scalability while maintaining security. This article explores the security implications of cross-contract calls in sharded environments, demonstrating both proper implementation patterns and potential vulnerabilities through practical examples. cybersecurity security rust staking near https://sigmaprime.io/blog/governance-dao/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/governance-dao/ Mon, 21 Oct 2024 04:30:00 GMT Many DeFi Protocols have decentralised using DAOs and token governance. This article explores the common vulnerabilities in the governance of DAOs with real-world examples. cybersecurity security blockchain-security solidity governance dao compound voting https://sigmaprime.io/blog/peerdas-distributed-blob-building/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/peerdas-distributed-blob-building/ Wed, 25 Sep 2024 02:00:00 GMT Exploring challenges, optimisations, key metrics and impact on node operators. lighthouse lighthouse informative announcement https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-ui/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-ui/ Mon, 23 Sep 2024 02:00:00 GMT Explore features from Siren that enhance the Lighthouse experience. siren siren lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/liquid-restaking/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/liquid-restaking/ Tue, 17 Sep 2024 05:30:00 GMT Liquid Restaking protocols are a big trend in the DeFi space. This article explores the common vulnerabilities in liquid restaking protocols with real-world examples. security security solidity staking https://sigmaprime.io/blog/tree-states-part1/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/tree-states-part1/ Thu, 01 Aug 2024 02:00:00 GMT Have your cake and eat it too: An introduction to in-memory tree-states. lighthouse lighthouse informative announcement https://sigmaprime.io/blog/forge-testing-leveling/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/forge-testing-leveling/ Mon, 15 Jul 2024 06:07:00 GMT Enhancing Forge testing with fuzzing and invariant testing for smart contract security. security security informative testing https://sigmaprime.io/blog/ethereum-upgrades-security/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/ethereum-upgrades-security/ Thu, 20 Jun 2024 00:53:00 GMT A summary of Ethereum's upgrades and their implications on smart contract functionality. security security informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/attestation-analysis/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/attestation-analysis/ Mon, 17 Jun 2024 02:00:00 GMT A technical guide to understanding, diagnosing and fine-tuning Lighthouse for missed attestations. lighthouse lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/attestation-sim/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/attestation-sim/ Thu, 13 Jun 2024 02:00:00 GMT Introduction to the Lighthouse Attestation Simulator analysis lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/security-alliance-importance/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/security-alliance-importance/ Wed, 10 Apr 2024 04:15:00 GMT About the new Security Alliance and why we support it security security informative announcement https://sigmaprime.io/blog/maxeb-inactivity-leak/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/maxeb-inactivity-leak/ Thu, 28 Mar 2024 01:00:00 GMT Explore the effects of EIP-7251 (Increase the MAX_EFFECTIVE_BALANCE) on the beacon chain's inactivity leak mechanism analysis lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-user-survey/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/lighthouse-user-survey/ Wed, 06 Mar 2024 01:00:00 GMT An exploration of the results from the first Lighthouse User Survey. analysis lighthouse announcement informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/quic-networking/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/quic-networking/ Tue, 17 Oct 2023 01:00:00 GMT A theoretically faster way to connect lighthouse nodes was included in Lighthouse v4.5.0 lighthouse lighthouse informative announcement lighthouse-update https://sigmaprime.io/blog/blockprint-ui/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/blockprint-ui/ Tue, 10 Oct 2023 01:00:00 GMT Announcing a graphical interface for Blockprint analysis ethereum lighthouse blockprint announcement https://sigmaprime.io/blog/proxy-guide/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/proxy-guide/ Tue, 26 Sep 2023 04:15:00 GMT A practical guide to safe choices and best practices when deploying proxies for a project security security informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/siren/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/siren/ Thu, 24 Aug 2023 02:00:00 GMT Siren v1.0.0 release siren lighthouse announcement siren https://sigmaprime.io/blog/update-42/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/update-42/ Mon, 17 Jul 2023 02:00:00 GMT Core Networking Upgrades update lighthouse lighthouse-update https://sigmaprime.io/blog/mev-unbundling-rpc/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/mev-unbundling-rpc/ Thu, 11 May 2023 02:00:00 GMT Disclosure of a new unbundling attack on MEV relays, and associated mitigations lighthouse lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/optimising-attestation-packing/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/optimising-attestation-packing/ Tue, 29 Nov 2022 01:00:00 GMT Optimality analysis of Lighthouse's attestation packing algorithm lighthouse lighthouse informative https://sigmaprime.io/blog/update-41/ https://sigmaprime.io/blog/update-41/ Tue, 25 Oct 2022 01:00:00 GMT Withdrawals, EIP-4844 and more update lighthouse lighthouse-update